青島希尼爾翻譯公司（www.myfavoritepainters.net）整理發(fā)布2018-07-31

希尼爾翻譯公司（www.myfavoritepainters.net）2018年7月31日了解到：Scholars from University of California, San Francisco have found that people who consume E-cigarettes and tobacco product are more likely to develop oral cancer, a US non-profit advocating oral health said over the weekend.

加利福尼亞大學(xué)舊金山分校的學(xué)者們發(fā)現(xiàn)，吸電子煙和煙草制品的人更有可能患上口腔癌，一提倡口腔健康的美國(guó)非盈利組織于周末表示。

The International Association for Dental Research said UC San Francisco researchers Benjamin Chaffee and Neal Benowitz, the co-author of a paper on nicotine and carcinogen exposure from consumption of tobacco product, examined the risks of people who are exposed to known carcinogen resulting from the use of different tobacco products, alone or in combination.

國(guó)際牙科研究協(xié)會(huì)表示，Benjamin Chaffee和Neal Benowitz是加州大學(xué)舊金山分校的研究人員，他們共同撰寫(xiě)了一篇關(guān)于消費(fèi)煙草制品產(chǎn)生的尼古丁和致癌物質(zhì)的論文，并研究了暴露在由于單獨(dú)或組合使用不同煙草制品產(chǎn)生的致癌物質(zhì)中的人們面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

They assessed a national sample of 32,320 US adults collected between 2013 and 2014, who provided urine specimens for analysis of tobacco-specific nitrosamines, N’-nitrosonornicotine, a known oral and esophageal carcinogen, and 4-(methynitrosamino)-1-(3)-pyridyle-1-butanol (NNAL), a metabolite of lung carcinogen, as well as total nicotine equivalents.

他們?cè)u(píng)估了于2013年至2014年間收集的32,320名美國(guó)成年人參與其間的全國(guó)樣本，參與者提供了尿液標(biāo)本，用于分析煙草特有的亞硝胺，一種已知的口腔和食道致癌物N’-亞硝基去甲煙堿，肺部致癌物質(zhì)的代謝產(chǎn)物4-（甲基亞硝基氨基）-1-（3）-吡啶-1-丁醇（NNAL）以及總尼古丁當(dāng)量。

Among the participants, 48 percent are female and 61 percent non-Hispanic white aged from 18 years old to 90 years old, with a median age of 35 years.

參與者當(dāng)中，48％是女性，61％是非西班牙裔白人，年齡從18歲到90歲不等，平均年齡為35歲。

More than 6,000 of them were characterized according to use of combustible products such as cigarettes, cigars, waterpipe, pipes, marijuana-containing cigar, smokeless products including moist snuff, chewing tobacco, snus, and e-cigarette, as well as nicotine replacement products.

6000多名參與者依據(jù)香煙、雪茄、水煙、煙斗和含有大麻的雪茄等可燃產(chǎn)品，濕鼻煙、嚼煙、鼻煙和電子煙在內(nèi)的無(wú)煙產(chǎn)品以及尼古丁替代產(chǎn)品這三類(lèi)不同產(chǎn)品的使用情況而各具特點(diǎn)。

The researchers found that all tobacco use categories showed elevated nicotine and TSNA concentrations compared to non-users.

研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，與非吸食煙草者相比，所有煙草使用類(lèi)別都顯示尼古丁和有毒物質(zhì)亞硝胺化合物濃度升高。

Smokeless tobacco users have the highest level of TSNA exposure, whether they use one tobacco product or together with other product types.

無(wú)煙煙草吸食者具有最高水平的有毒物質(zhì)亞硝胺化合物濃度，無(wú)論他們使用一種煙草產(chǎn)品還是與其他產(chǎn)品類(lèi)型一起使用。

The study discovered that the vast majority of non-cigarette tobacco users are exposed to carcinogen levels that are likely to put them at substantial risk, just as much as exclusive cigarette smokers would suffer.

該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，絕大多數(shù)非卷煙煙草使用者暴露于可能置他們于巨大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的致癌物質(zhì)水平之中，并會(huì)受到香煙對(duì)吸煙者一樣大的影響。
來(lái)源:Shine